Difference between revisions of "Cirsium Miller (Q3009)"

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Property / accepted id
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Cirsium Miller
Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / rank
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Preferred rank
Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / qualifier
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taxon name: Cirsium
Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / qualifier
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Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / qualifier
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Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / qualifier
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publication: FNA Editorial Committee. 2006. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1. Oxford University Press, New York.
Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / qualifier
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taxon status: accepted
Property / accepted id: Cirsium Miller / reference
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Property / taxon name
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Cirsium
Property / taxon name: Cirsium / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon name: Cirsium / reference
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Property / taxon authority
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Miller
Property / taxon authority: Miller / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon authority: Miller / reference
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Property / taxon rank
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Property / taxon rank: genus / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon rank: genus / reference
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Property / taxon status
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accepted
Property / taxon status: accepted / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon status: accepted / reference
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Property / VasCan taxon numeric id
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999
Property / VasCan taxon numeric id: 999 / rank
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Normal rank
Property / VasCan taxon numeric id: 999 / reference
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Property / parent taxon
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Property / parent taxon: Cardueae / rank
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Normal rank
Property / parent taxon: Cardueae / reference
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Property / taxon habit
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herb
Property / taxon habit: herb / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon habit: herb / reference
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Property / GBIF taxon key
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3112554
Property / GBIF taxon key: 3112554 / rank
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Normal rank
Property / GBIF taxon key: 3112554 / reference
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Property / IUCN Redlist Category
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NE
Property / IUCN Redlist Category: NE / rank
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Normal rank
Property / IUCN Redlist Category: NE / reference
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Property / common name
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Thistle (English)
Property / common name: Thistle (English) / rank
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Normal rank
Property / common name: Thistle (English) / reference
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Property / common name
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chardon (English)
Property / common name: chardon (English) / rank
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Normal rank
Property / common name: chardon (English) / reference
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Property / distribution
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North America
Property / distribution: North America / rank
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Normal rank
Property / distribution: North America / reference
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Property / distribution
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Eurasia
Property / distribution: Eurasia / rank
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Normal rank
Property / distribution: Eurasia / reference
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Property / distribution
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n Africa
Property / distribution: n Africa / rank
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Normal rank
Property / distribution: n Africa / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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Stems (1–several) erect, branched or simple, sometimes narrowly spiny-winged.
Property / taxon description fragment: Stems (1–several) erect, branched or simple, sometimes narrowly spiny-winged. / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: Stems (1–several) erect, branched or simple, sometimes narrowly spiny-winged. / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous or densely gray-canescent, usually eglandular.
Property / taxon description fragment: finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous or densely gray-canescent, usually eglandular. / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous or densely gray-canescent, usually eglandular. / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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Heads discoid, borne singly, terminal and in distal axils, or in racemiform, spiciform, subcapitate, paniculiform, or corymbiform arrays.
Property / taxon description fragment: Heads discoid, borne singly, terminal and in distal axils, or in racemiform, spiciform, subcapitate, paniculiform, or corymbiform arrays. / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: Heads discoid, borne singly, terminal and in distal axils, or in racemiform, spiciform, subcapitate, paniculiform, or corymbiform arrays. / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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(Peduncles with ± reduced leaflike bracts.) Involucres cylindric to ovoid or spheric, (1–6 ×) 1–8 cm.
Property / taxon description fragment: (Peduncles with ± reduced leaflike bracts.) Involucres cylindric to ovoid or spheric, (1–6 ×) 1–8 cm. / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: (Peduncles with ± reduced leaflike bracts.) Involucres cylindric to ovoid or spheric, (1–6 ×) 1–8 cm. / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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Phyllaries many in 5–20 series, subequal or weakly to strongly, outer and middle with bases appressed and apices spreading to erect, usually spine-tipped, innermost usually with erect, flat, often twisted, entire or dentate, usually spineless apices (distal portion of phyllary midveins in many species with elongate, glutinous resin-gland, usually milky in fresh material but dark-brown to black when dry).
Property / taxon description fragment: Phyllaries many in 5–20 series, subequal or weakly to strongly, outer and middle with bases appressed and apices spreading to erect, usually spine-tipped, innermost usually with erect, flat, often twisted, entire or dentate, usually spineless apices (distal portion of phyllary midveins in many species with elongate, glutinous resin-gland, usually milky in fresh material but dark-brown to black when dry). / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: Phyllaries many in 5–20 series, subequal or weakly to strongly, outer and middle with bases appressed and apices spreading to erect, usually spine-tipped, innermost usually with erect, flat, often twisted, entire or dentate, usually spineless apices (distal portion of phyllary midveins in many species with elongate, glutinous resin-gland, usually milky in fresh material but dark-brown to black when dry). / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate, covered with tawny to white bristles or setiform scales.
Property / taxon description fragment: Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate, covered with tawny to white bristles or setiform scales. / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate, covered with tawny to white bristles or setiform scales. / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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Florets 25–200+;
Property / taxon description fragment: Florets 25–200+; / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: Florets 25–200+; / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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corollas white to pink, red, yellow or purple, ± bilateral, tubes long, slender, distally bent, throats short, abruptly expanded, cylindric, lobes linear;
Property / taxon description fragment: corollas white to pink, red, yellow or purple, ± bilateral, tubes long, slender, distally bent, throats short, abruptly expanded, cylindric, lobes linear; / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: corollas white to pink, red, yellow or purple, ± bilateral, tubes long, slender, distally bent, throats short, abruptly expanded, cylindric, lobes linear; / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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(filaments distinct) anther bases sharply short-tailed, apical appendages linear-oblong;
Property / taxon description fragment: (filaments distinct) anther bases sharply short-tailed, apical appendages linear-oblong; / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: (filaments distinct) anther bases sharply short-tailed, apical appendages linear-oblong; / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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style tips elongate (as measured in descriptions including the slightly swollen nodes, long cylindric fused portions of style-branches and very short distinct portions).
Property / taxon description fragment: style tips elongate (as measured in descriptions including the slightly swollen nodes, long cylindric fused portions of style-branches and very short distinct portions). / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: style tips elongate (as measured in descriptions including the slightly swollen nodes, long cylindric fused portions of style-branches and very short distinct portions). / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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Cypselae ovoid, ± compressed, with apical rims, smooth, not ribbed, glabrous, basal attachment scars slightly angled;
Property / taxon description fragment: Cypselae ovoid, ± compressed, with apical rims, smooth, not ribbed, glabrous, basal attachment scars slightly angled; / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: Cypselae ovoid, ± compressed, with apical rims, smooth, not ribbed, glabrous, basal attachment scars slightly angled; / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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pappi persistent or falling in rings, in 3–5 series of many flattened, plumose bristles or plumose, setiform scales (longer bristles shorter than corollas except in C. foliosum and C. arvense).
Property / taxon description fragment: pappi persistent or falling in rings, in 3–5 series of many flattened, plumose bristles or plumose, setiform scales (longer bristles shorter than corollas except in C. foliosum and C. arvense). / rank
 +
Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: pappi persistent or falling in rings, in 3–5 series of many flattened, plumose bristles or plumose, setiform scales (longer bristles shorter than corollas except in C. foliosum and C. arvense). / reference
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Property / taxon description fragment
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x = 17.
Property / taxon description fragment: x = 17. / rank
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Normal rank
Property / taxon description fragment: x = 17. / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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morphology statement value: weakly to strongly
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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morphology statement value to: pink red yellow or purple
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
 +
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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morphology statement value to: pink red yellow or purple
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
 +
Property / morphology statement
 +
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / rank
 +
Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / qualifier
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morphology statement value to: pink red yellow or purple
Property / morphology statement: range morphology value / reference
 +
Property / morphology statement
 +
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
 +
Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / qualifier
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / reference
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Property / morphology statement
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Property / morphology statement: simple morphology value / rank
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Normal rank
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Latest revision as of 12:47, 24 June 2022

Cirsium is a taxon with the rank genus within the tribe Cardueae
Language Label Description Also known as
English
Cirsium Miller
Cirsium is a taxon with the rank genus within the tribe Cardueae

    Statements

    taxon/id/Cirsium Miller
    0 references
    Cirsium Miller
    Cirsium
    FNA Editorial Committee. 2006. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 19: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1. Oxford University Press, New York.
    accepted
    Thistle (English)
    chardon (English)
    North America
    Eurasia
    n Africa
    Stems (1–several) erect, branched or simple, sometimes narrowly spiny-winged.
    finely bristly-dentate to coarsely dentate or 1–3 times pinnately lobed, teeth and lobes bristly-tipped, faces green and glabrous or densely gray-canescent, usually eglandular.
    Heads discoid, borne singly, terminal and in distal axils, or in racemiform, spiciform, subcapitate, paniculiform, or corymbiform arrays.
    (Peduncles with ± reduced leaflike bracts.) Involucres cylindric to ovoid or spheric, (1–6 ×) 1–8 cm.
    Phyllaries many in 5–20 series, subequal or weakly to strongly, outer and middle with bases appressed and apices spreading to erect, usually spine-tipped, innermost usually with erect, flat, often twisted, entire or dentate, usually spineless apices (distal portion of phyllary midveins in many species with elongate, glutinous resin-gland, usually milky in fresh material but dark-brown to black when dry).
    Receptacles flat to convex, epaleate, covered with tawny to white bristles or setiform scales.
    Florets 25–200+;
    corollas white to pink, red, yellow or purple, ± bilateral, tubes long, slender, distally bent, throats short, abruptly expanded, cylindric, lobes linear;
    (filaments distinct) anther bases sharply short-tailed, apical appendages linear-oblong;
    style tips elongate (as measured in descriptions including the slightly swollen nodes, long cylindric fused portions of style-branches and very short distinct portions).
    Cypselae ovoid, ± compressed, with apical rims, smooth, not ribbed, glabrous, basal attachment scars slightly angled;
    pappi persistent or falling in rings, in 3–5 series of many flattened, plumose bristles or plumose, setiform scales (longer bristles shorter than corollas except in C. foliosum and C. arvense).