Bidens Linnaeus (Q2554)
Bidens is a taxon with the rank genus within the tribe Coreopsideae
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Bidens Linnaeus
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Bidens is a taxon with the rank genus within the tribe Coreopsideae
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Statements
taxon/id/Bidens Linnaeus
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Bidens Linnaeus
Bidens
Linnaeus
FNA Editorial Committee. 2006. Flora of North America north of Mexico. Volume 21: Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 8: Asteraceae, part 3. Oxford University Press, New York.
accepted
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Stems usually 1, usually erect, (terete or 4-angled, often striate or sulcate) branched distally or ± throughout.
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Leaves usually cauline;
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usually opposite, rarely whorled, distal sometimes alternate;
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petiolate or sessile;
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blades simple, compound (leaflets petiolulate), or 1–3+-pinnatisect or pinnately lobed (submerged leaves multifid in B. beckii, an aquatic), ultimate margins entire, dentate, laciniate, serrate, or toothed, faces usually glabrous, sometimes hirtellous, hispidulous, pilosulous, puberulent, scabrellous, or strigillose.
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Heads usually radiate or discoid, sometimes ± disciform, usually in corymbiform arrays, sometimes in 2s or 3s or borne singly.
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Calyculi of (3–) 5–13 (–21+) erect to spreading or reflexed, ± herbaceous (sometimes foliaceous) bractlets or bracts (sometimes surpassing phyllaries).
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Involucres mostly hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric, (1–) 4–12 (–25+) mm diam.
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Phyllaries persistent, mostly (4–) 8–21 (–30+) in ± 2 series, usually distinct, sometimes connate 0.05–0.1 their lengths, mostly oblong or ovate to lance-oblong, chartaceous to membranous or scarious (usually striate with brownish nerves, margins usually hyaline).
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Receptacles flat or slightly convex, paleate;
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paleae usually falling, (usually stramineous, sometimes yellow to orange, with darker striae) ± flat to slightly navicular.
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Ray-florets usually 1–21+ (often 3, 5, 8, or 13), sometimes 0, usually neuter, sometimes styliferous and sterile;
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corollas usually yellow, sometimes white or pinkish.
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Disc-florets (5–) 12–60 (–150+), bisexual, fertile;
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corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes whitish [purplish], tubes shorter than throats, lobes (3–) 5, ± deltate (staminal filaments glabrous; style-branch appendages deltate or lanceolate to subulate).
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Cypselae usually obcompressed to flat, unequally 3–4-angled, and cuneate to oblanceolate or obovate, sometimes (all or inner) ± equally 4-angled and linear-fusiform, rarely subterete, margins (± corky-winged in B. aristosa, B. cernua, and B. polylepis) usually retrorsely, sometimes patently or antrorsely, barbed or ciliate, apices sometimes attenuate, not beaked [beaked], faces smooth, striate, or ± tuberculate, glabrous or hairy, each sometimes with 2 grooves;
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pappi 0, or persistent, of (1–) 2–4 (–8) usually retrorsely, sometimes antrorsely, barbellate or ciliate, rarely smooth, awns.
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branched
distally; distally; more or less throughout; throughout
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chartaceous
membranous or scarious
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barbed
sometimes patently; patently; antrorsely
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smooth
usually retrorsely; sometimes antrorsely; rarely
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cuneate
oblanceolate or obovate
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4-angled
sometimes more or less equally
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