Brassicaceae Burnett (Q3448)

taxon name

Brassicaceae

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taxon authority

Burnett

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taxon rank

family

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taxon status

accepted

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common name

Brassicacées (French)

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mustard family (English)

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Crucifères (French)

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Mustard Family (English)

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VasCan taxon numeric id

98

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parent taxon

Brassicales Bromhead

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taxon habit

herb

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GBIF taxon key

3112

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Global Biodiversity Information Facility

IUCN Redlist Category

NE

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Global Biodiversity Information Facility

distribution

Nearly worldwide

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especially temperate areas

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with the highest diversity in the Irano-Turanian region

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Mediterranean area

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and western North America

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taxon description fragment

taprooted or rhizomatous (rarely stoloniferous), caudex simple or branched, sometimes woody, rhizomes slender or thick.

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d0_s5

forked, stellate, dendritic, malpighiaceous (medifixed, 2-fid, appressed), or peltate and scalelike, eglandular.

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d0_s7

branched or unbranched.

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d0_s9

Leaves (sometimes persistent) cauline usually present, basal present or not (sometimes rhizomal present in Cardamine), rosulate or not, usually alternate (sometimes opposite or whorled in Cardamine angustata, C. concatenata, and C. diphylla and in Lunaria annua; sometimes subopposite in C. dissecta and C. maxima and in Draba ogilviensis), usually simple, rarely trifoliolate or pinnately, palmately, or bipinnately compound;

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d0_s10

petiolate, sessile, or subsessile (sessile auriculate or not, sometimes amplexicaul);

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d0_s12

blade margins entire, dentate, crenate, sinuate, repand, or dissected.

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d0_s13

Inflorescences terminal, usually racemose (racemes often corymbose or paniculate) or flowers solitary on pedicels from axils of rosette leaves;

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d0_s14

bracts usually absent, sometimes present.

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d0_s15

Pedicels present (persistent or caducous [rarely geotropic]).

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d0_s16

Flowers bisexual [unisexual], usually actinomorphic (zygomorphic in Iberis, sometimes in Pennellia, Streptanthus, and Teesdalia);

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d0_s17

perianth and androecium hypogynous;

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d0_s18

sepals usually caducous, rarely persistent, 4, in 2 decussate pairs (1 pair lateral, 1 median), distinct [connate], not saccate or lateral (inner) pair (or, rarely, both pairs) saccate, forming tubular, campanulate, or urceolate calyx;

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d0_s19

petals 4, alternate with sepals, usually cruciform, rarely in abaxial and adaxial pairs, rarely rudimentary or absent, claw differentiated or not from blade, blade sometimes reduced and much smaller than well-developed claw, basally unappendaged, or, rarely, appendaged, margins entire or emarginate to 2-fid, rarely pinnatifid [fimbriate or filiform];

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d0_s20

stamens (2 or 4) 6 [8–24], in 2 whorls, usually tetradynamous (lateral outer pair shorter than median inner 2 pairs), rarely equal in length or in 3 pairs of unequal length;

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d0_s21

filaments (slender, sometimes winged, appendaged, or toothed): median pairs usually distinct, rarely connate;

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d0_s22

anthers dithecal, dehiscing by longitudinal slits, pollen-grains 3 (–11) -colpate, trinucleate;

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d0_s23

nectar glands receptacular, variable in number, shape, size, and disposition around filament base, always present opposite bases of lateral filaments, median glands present or absent;

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d0_s24

disc absent;

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d0_s25

pistil 1, 2-carpellate;

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d0_s26

ovary 2-locular with false septum connecting 2 placentae, rarely 1-locular and eseptate, placentation usually parietal, rarely apical;

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d0_s27

gynophore usually absent;

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d0_s28

style 1, persistent [caducous], sometimes obsolete or absent;

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d0_s29

stigma capitate or conical, entire or 2-lobed, lobes spreading or connivent, sometimes decurrent, distinct or connate, rarely elongated into horns or spines;

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d0_s30

ovules 1–300 per ovary, anatropous or campylotropous, bitegmic, usually crassinucellate, rarely tenuinucellate.

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d0_s31

Fruits usually capsular, usually 2-valved ((3 or) 4 (–6) in Rorippa barbareifolia, (2 or) 4 in Tropidocarpum capparideum), termed siliques if length 3+ times width, or silicles if length less than 3 times width, sometimes nutletlike, lomentaceous, samaroid, or schizocarpic and [with] without a carpophore carrying the 1-seeded mericarp, dehiscent or indehiscent, segmented or not, torulose or smooth, terete, angled, or flat, often latiseptate (flattened parallel to septum) or angustiseptate (flattened at right angle to septum);

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d0_s32

gynophore usually absent, sometimes distinct;

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d0_s33

valves each not or obscurely veined, or prominently 1–7-veined, usually dehiscing acropetally, rarely basipetally, sometimes spirally or circinately coiled, glabrous or pubescent [spiny or glochidiate];

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d0_s34

replum (persistent placenta) rounded, flattened, or indistinct (obsolete in Crambe, often perforate in Thysanocarpus);

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d0_s35

septum complete, perforated, reduced to a rim, or absent (obsolete in Crambe and Thysanocarpus, not differentiated from replum in Raphanus), sometimes with a midvein or anastomosing veins.

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d0_s36

Seeds usually yellow or brown, rarely black or white, flattened or plump, winged or not, or narrowly margined, ovoid, oblong, globose, or ovate, usually uniseriate or biseriate, sometimes aseriate, per locule, mucilaginous or not when wetted;

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d0_s37

embryo usually strongly curved, rarely straight with tiny radicle;

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